Networking and Communications

1. What are the differences between client-server and peer-to-peer LAN models?
   
   All computers are equal in the peer-to-peer model; they share the task of network administration.
   Only special server machine administer the network in the client-server model.
   
2. What differs between digital and analog information?
   
   Digital information is discrete (zeros and ones, nothing in between).
   Analog information is variable (physical properties that when measured are variable - such as sound waves over a phone line)
   
3. When transmitting information, what aspect of transmission causes a problem? Why is this aspect a problem when computers are involved? Give an example of such hardware and its key components.
   
   The problem is that most ways of transmitting information are analog, and computers are digital.
   A modem is an example of an analog to digital (and vice versa) converter (modem = ADC + DAC).
   An analog to digital convert is required to convert analog signals into a digital form (ADC).
   A digital to analog converter is required to convert digital into analog signals (DAC).