RESEARCH INTERESTS

Middleware and Multimedia Systems

We have developed a hardware-software platform independent, abstract information sharing and integration model (AISIM) for designing a middleware architecture. Using our AISIM model we designed a middleware architecture with CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) objects. A small prototype of the middleware was implemented through EJBs (Enterprise Java Beans).

The goals of the proposed project include: (i) Design of a hardware-software platform independent middleware system architecture for sharing and integrating multimedia information, including satellite and marine fisheries; (ii) Development of the middleware system with CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) objects conformant to OGIS; (iii) Implementation of these GIS objects with EJBs (Enterprise Java Beans) and commercial software packages for providing fast and secure data services from backend databases; (iv) Implementation of web and CORBA-based GIS clients for accessing and sharing of multimedia information various sources. Our long-term objective is to develop an open and interoperable GIS that adopts industry standards to share and integrate multimedia informationa and geo-spatial data not only within an enterprise, but also across the boundaries of enterprise organizations.

VBR Multimedia Modeling and Communication

Present Internet and (World Wide) Web are providing service for diverse multimedia communication. It is predicted that in the future multimedia communication will generate most of the traffic for Internet and Web. Unlike CBR (constant bit rate) voice communication in POTS (plain old telephone systems), resource requirements for VBR (variable bit rate) multimedia communication in Internet and Web is not identical for all users.

Design of broadband communication networks for Internet and Web services requires good understanding of needs of multimedia systems. Focus of current research is analysis and modeling of VBR multimedia for such use as designing and testing of broadband communication systems that will support multimedia traffic. We have developed methods for analysis and modeling of MPEG-like encoded full-length VBR video. The information obtained from the analysis are used for creating FSM (Frame Size Model). Our models are very useful for study of loss of data during communication.

We have effectively used our sigle video FSMs to develop a model --- called multinomial model --- for prediction of bandwidth requirement when several videos are communicated simultaneoulsy over a link of a broadband network. Our extensive tests with standard full-lenght MPEG video traces have shown excellent agreent between model predicted and observed bandwidth requirements.

Virtual Private Networks over the Internet for Multimedia Communication

QoS in the Web

The widespread use of the Internet has created two problems: document retrieval latency and network traffic. Caching of documents "close" to users has helped to alleviate both problems. Different caching policies have been proposed/implemented to make best use of limited available cache at each caching server. A mesh of caching servers, aided by different data diffusion algorithms and the natural hierarchical structure of the Internet topology, has increased "virtual" size of cache. Yet the size of available cache is small compared to the total size of all documents served, and remains a major resource constraint. In this work, we looked at how to improve document download time, by distributing a fixed amount of total storage in a network or mesh of caches. The intuition behind our cache distribution approach is to give more storage to the caching nodes in the network which experience more traffic, in the hopes that this will reduce the average latency of document retrieval in the network. A heuristic was developed to estimate traffic at each cache of a network. From this traffic estimation, each cache then receives a corresponding percentage of the total storage capacity of the network. Through extensive simulation it is found that the proposed cache distribution algorithm can reduce latency up to 80% over prior work that includes both Harvest-type and demand-driven data diffusion algorithms. Furthermore, the best improvement was achieved in a cache range that corresponds to practical, real world cache ranges.

Mobile and Wireless Computing

Wired connections of 'terminals' --- computers, faxes, or phones --- tie users at a fixed location. However, users move, for instance, from home to office. Mobile and wireless computing systems bring the convenience being connected any time any where. Thus, the demand for wireless communication is growing very fast. However, the bandwidth for wireless communication is limited and cannot be increased as it can be done easily for wired communication. Apart from the limited available bandwidth, noise and user mobility are two other major problems.

The most important issue to be addressed for the successful deployment of mobile wireless systems is Quality of Service (QoS) to the users. Once connected, a user will expect the connection to be as reliable as the wired connection. This is very hard while users are moving from one cell to another cell. Thus, a coordinated control system must be developed to support QoS. The focus of our current research is to use such AI tools as neural networks and fuzzy associative memory with our recently developed new call preblocking technique to assure QoS for mobile users.