ADTs and C++

Review of C++ Class Features
- Header file (HSM Ch.2.1.1)
  - Class name
  - Constructors and destructors
  - Member functions
  - Data members
  - Levels of access
- Implementation file
- Declaring and Using Class Objects (HSM Ch.2.1.3)
- Constructors, Destructors, and Operator Overloading (HSM Ch.2.1.4)
- The Integer Array Example
  - smartintarrayclass.h - Smart integer array class header
  - smartintarrayclass.cpp - Smart integer array class implementation
  - MarksClass.cpp - Marks program (Class)
Data Abstraction in C++ (HSM Ch.2.1.2)
- Specification is in the header file.
- Implementation is in the implementation file.
- ADTs are therefore naturally implemented in C++.
Encapsulation in C++ (HSM Ch.2.1.2)
- private: parts hide implementation from user.
- User sees only the public: parts.
ADTs in C++ (HSM Ch.2.1.6)
- The Natural Number ADT (HSM Ch.1.3, Ch.2.1.6)
- The Rational number ADT
  - The objects are pairs of integers, a numerator and a denominator. The numerator is a positive or negative integer, while the denominator is a natural number.
  - Operations include Set, Read, Write, Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide.
  - rationalclass.h - Rational class header
  - rationalclass.cpp - Rational class implementation
  - UseRationals.cpp - Dummy test program for rationals
- The string Abstract Data Type (ADT)
  - The objects are all sequences of characters upto a specified length. The component characters are from the ASCII character set.
  - Operations include Input, Output, Comparison, Determination of length, Concatenation.
  - stringclass.h - My string class header
  - stringclass.cpp - My string class implementation
  - ReadAge.cpp - Reading an age
- Another string ADT (HSM Ch.2.6)
Write a program that reads in two people's names and ages, and writes them out in alphabetical order by last name.
- Specification (roughly speaking)
  - Inputs: Name1, Age1, Name2, Age2.
  - Outputs: Name and Age pairs, ordered by name.
  - Design
```
Read Name1, Age1
Read Name2, Age2
If Name1 > Name2
    Swap Name1 and Name2
    Swap Age1 and Age2
Output Name1 and Age1
Output Name2 and Age2
               
```
- NameAgeTwoClass1.cpp - The NameAge program, class version 1
- A Person Class
  - stringclass.h - My string class header
  - stringclass.cpp - My string class implementation
  - nameageclass.h - Name and age class header
  - nameageclass.cpp - Name and age class implementation
- NameAgeTwoClass2.cpp - The NameAge program, class version 2
- Consider the object structure (it's nested! (or is it?))

Exercises

Implementing a complex number ADT: HSM Ch.2.1, exercise 2.

Lab Tasks

Implementing a Boolean ADT

Exam Style Questions

What C++ programming features implement {data abstraction,data encapsulation}?